广西茶 Camellia kwangsiensis Hung T. ChangCamellia kwangsiensis

Camellia kwangsiensis, Subgenus Thea, Sect. Thea, Ser. Quinquelocularis Chang, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni, 1981(1):89. 1981. Chang Hung-ta and Bruce Bartholomew (1984). Camellias, p.139.Gao Jiyin, Clifford R. Parks, Du Yueqiang, 2005, Collected Species of the Genus Camellia an Illustrated Outline，p.217

[Description] Shrub or small tree, branchlets glabrous. Leaves coriaceous, oblong, 10-17 cm long, 4-7cm wide, apices acuminate orabruptly acute, bases broadly cuneate; greyish-brown above in the dry state, not shiny or slightly glossy, glabrous; light greyish-brown below, glabrous; lateral veins 10-13 pairs, protogltly on both surfaces, 50°-60° anglefrom the midvein; reticulating veins obscure; margins serrulate, teeth separation 2-2.5mm; petioles 8-12 mm long, glabrous. Flowers terminal; pedicels 8 mm long, thick; bracts 2, early deciduous; sepals 5, thickly coriaceous, suborbicular, 6-8 mm long, 8-12mm wide, exterior glabrous, interior shortly sericeous; petals and stamens deciduous; ovaries glabrous, 5-locular. Capsules globose, not yet ripe, 2. 8 cm in diameter, pericarp7-8 mm thick, persistent sepals 2. 5 cm in diameter.

Zhao (2024): Camellia kwangsiensis Hung T. Chang, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 20(1): 89. 1981—Holotype: China. Guangxi: Tianlin, Lengjiaping, 28 July 1956, Y.K. Li 560 (IBSC 0003505!, image: https://www.cvh.ac.cn/spms/detail.php?id=c76564e3; isotype: PE 00026332!)

New branchlets and leaf buds puberulous to pubescent. Leaf blade elliptic, 6–16 × 3–7 cm, abaxially puberulous, adaxially glabrous, base cuneate. Pedicel 7–11 mm long, glabrous. Sepals 5–8 × 4–9 mm, outside glabrous, inside sericeous. Petals glabrous. Ovary glabrous. Style apically 5-lobed, glabrous. Fruit 4–6 cm in diameter; pericarp 5–8 mm thick. Fl. September to November, fr. May to September.

Distribution. China: Guangxi, Yunnan.

Notes. Camellia kwangsiensis is distinguished from C. tachangensis by its hairy new branchlets, leaf buds, and abaxial surface of the leaf blade, whereas the latter is glabrous on those parts. Chen et al. (1996) reported that the sample of C. kwangsiensis collected from Napo, Guangxi, contained 2.06% caffeine and 18.97% tea polyphenols, which were suitable for producing both green and black tea.

Camellia kwangsiensis has most recently been assessed for The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in 2015. Camellia kwangsiensis is listed as Near Threatened under criteria B1ab(iii).

广西茶Camellia kwangsiensis Chang, sp. nov. 张宏达，1981. 《山茶属植物的系统研究》第111页。【标本】广西：冷家坪，疏林中，1956年7月28日，李荫昆560(模式标本Typus！in Bot.Inst. Austro-Sin.)；田林，老山，猫鼻樑后山，疏林中，小乔木，1956年11月5日，张恩元、李荫昆P00719。云南：西畴，海拔1500-1700米，冯国楣11580。【形态特征】灌木或小乔木；嫩枝无毛。叶革质，长圆形，长11-17厘米，宽4-7厘米，先端渐尖或急短尖，尖头钝，基部阔楔形，上面干后灰褐色，不发亮或略有光泽，无毛，下面浅灰褐色，无毛，侧脉10-13对，在上下两面均略突起，以50˚-60˚交角斜行，近边缘3.5毫米处相结合，网脉不明显，边缘有细锯齿，齿刻相隔2-2.5毫米，叶柄长8-12毫米，无毛。花顶生，花梗长7-8毫米，粗大；苞片2片，早落；萼片5片，厚革质，近圆形，长8-10毫米，宽8-14毫米，背面无毛，内侧有短绢毛；花瓣及雄蕊已脱落。子房全秃，5室。蒴果圆球形，未成熟，直径2.8厘米，果皮厚7-8毫米，宿存花萼直径2.5厘米。

高继银、帕克斯、杜跃强，2005. 《山茶属植物主要原种彩色图集》浙江科学技术出版社，第217页。花白色，花径3.0~4.0厘米，顶生或腋生。花柄长7~10毫米，淡紫色，无毛。苞片2枚，早落。萼片5枚，宿存，里面被短绢毛。花瓣8~10枚，长2.0~3.0厘米，阔倒卵形，基部与雄蕊柱略连生。雄蕊无毛，长1.0~1.8厘米，外轮花丝基部合生形成3~6毫米长短管。雌蕊无毛，长1.8厘米，花柱先端5深裂，子房无毛。花期秋初至冬初。蒴果圆球形，直径2.5~4.0厘米，5室，果皮厚5~毫米。叶长圆形，先端渐尖或短渐尖，基部阔楔形，长8.0~17.0厘米，宽3.0~7.0厘米，边缘具细尖叶齿，叶面无毛，叶背略被柔毛，中脉和侧脉两面凸起。叶柄长8~12毫米，无毛。灌木或小乔木，高可达6米，嫩枝带紫色调，有时被短柔毛，老枝灰褐色。分布：广西壮族自治区西部和云南省东南部，海拔 1500-1900米。可寻地点:广西壮族自治区田林县老山林场。

广西茶最近一次于 2015年进行了IUCN濒危等级评估，被评为近危 Near Threatened（NT）。