红皮糙果茶 Camellia crapnelliana TutcherCamellia crapnelliana

Camellia crapnelliana, Subgenus Camellia, Sect. Furfuracea, Chang Hung-ta and Bruce Bartholomew (1984). Camellias, p.43: Camellia crapnelliana Tutch., Journ. Linn. Soc. London 37: 63. 1904. [Description] Bark red, smooth, branchlets glabrous. Leaves elliptic, 8-12 cm long, 4-5 cm wide, glabrous. Flowers large, 8-10 cm in diameter, bracts and sepals 8, petals 6-8; stamensslightly connate at base, 1.5-1. 8 cm long; ovaries pubescent, 3-locular; styles 3-parted, free. Capsules globose, 7-10 cm in diameter; pericarp slightly spongy, 1.5-2. 5 cm thick, exterior furfuraceous; 3-5 seeds per locule. This species is very close to C. furfuracea. The latter often has oblong leaves; smallflowers, 3-4 cm in diameter; pericarp thin, 1. 5 mm thick. Since 1904, other than the type(Tutcher 967), no one has described this species and no one knew the character of thefruit. Thus it was a partially understood species. The author saw a specimen of thisspecies with fruit in the Hong Kong government Herbarium in June 1979 and deter-mined this specimen to be in section Furfuracea. Neither C. gigantocarpa or C. octopetala described by Hu, can be differentiated from C. crapnelliana. [Synonym] Camellia gigantocarpa Hu & Huang in Hu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 133. 1965. \Camellia octopetala Hu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10:135. 1965. \Camellia latilimba Hu in Anonymous, Icon. Comophyt. Sin. 2:854. 1972, nom. illegit.

Gao Jiyin, Clifford R. Parks, Du Yueqiang, 2005, Collected Species of the Genus Camellia an Illustrated Outline，p.144-145. Flowersare white, musky fragrance, 7.0-11.0 cm in diameter, borne singly at the tips of shoots and in leaf axils. Perules 8-9, persistent, center of outer surface pubescent, inside glabrous. Petals 5-8, 5.0-6.0 cm long, 3.0-4.0 cm wide, long-ovate to obovate, margin slightly creped, cleft at tip from 2-4 mm, glabrous, fused from the base with the staminal column up to 6 mm. Androecium glabrous, approximately 1.5 cm in length, outer layer of stamens fused from the base into a cup 4 mm long, approximately 150stamens. Gynoecium approximately 1.5 cm long, 3 free styles with pubescence on the basal portion, ovary tomentose. Blooming season: autumn. Capsules ovoid, 8.0-10.0 cm long, 7.0-8.0 cm in diameter, scaly, rust-red in color, 3-4 locules, pericarp wall 2.0-4.0 cm thick. 8-15 seeds per fruit. Leaves elliptic to obovate elliptic, tip acuminate to cuspidate, base cuneate, 10.6-20.2 cm long, 4.1-9.2 cm wide, margin finely serrulate, teeth spaced 1-2 mm apart, upper surface with veins significantly impressed, glabrous, lower surface with raised veins, glabrous. Petioles 7-12 mm long, glabrous. Shrub to small tree up to 10 m tall, twigs glabrous, tan to brown in color, older branches smooth with rust to brick-red powdery surface. Distribution: Fengkai County, Guangdong Province and Mt Parker, Hong Kong, China; Elevation: 100-750 m; Specific locality: The Natural Conservation of Fengkai County, Guangdong Province, China.

红皮糙果茶Camellia crapnelliana Tutcher in Journ. Linn. Soc. London,37：63, 1904； Sealy Rev. Gen. Camellia, 153,1958. 张宏达，1981. 《山茶属植物的系统研究》第28页。【标本】香港Hongkong： Tutcher 967 (碎片）；香港标本室Y.S.Lau 1328；香港大龙农场，黎福盛F.S.Lai s.n.(中山大学标本号149083，果）。广西Kwangsi：博白，黄作杰T. C. Huang 2026 (C.gigantocarpa Hu et Huang的模式）；南宁，广西林科所树木园，张宏达H.T.Chang 6646,6648；同地，梁盛业6403507；浦北，周文智W.E.Chou 69970. 浙江Chekiang：龙泉，杭州植物园Bot. Gard. Hanchow 7002 (C. octo-petala Hu的模式），5010。福建Fukien：德化，钟补勤P.C.Tsoong 72：吴克民K.M.Wu 60291；黄淑美S.M.Huang 190673。【形态特征】树皮红色，平滑，嫩枝无毛；叶椭圆形，长8-12厘米，宽4-5厘米，无毛；花大，宽8-10厘米，苞及萼片8，花瓣6-8；雄蕊基部略连生，长1.5-1.8厘米；子房有毛，3室，花柱3条，离生；蒴果球形，直径7-10厘米，果皮稍松软，厚1.5-2.5厘米，外面被糠秕；种子每室3-5个。这个种和糙果茶C.furfuracea (Merr.) Coh. St.很接近，后者叶常呈长圆形，花较小，宽3-4厘米，蒴果亦较小，宽3-4厘米，果皮薄，厚度约1-5毫米。自从1904年以后，除了模式标本(Tutcher 967)之外，再没有人记述过这个种，更不知道它的果实的特征。成为一个不充分被人们所了解的种。作者于1979年6月在香港政府植物标本室看到了这个种的花和果实的标本，从而确定了它是糠秕茶组Furfuracea的种类。至于胡先骕所命名的C.gigantocarpa及C .octopetala实质上和本种是无法区别的。

高继银、帕克斯、杜跃强，2005. 《山茶属植物主要原种彩色图集》浙江科学技术出版社，第144-145页。花白色，有麝香香味，花径7.0~11.0厘米，单花顶生或腋生。鱗片8~9枚，宿存，外面中部被短柔毛，里面无毛。花瓣5~8枚，长5.0~6.0厘米，宽3.0~4.0厘米，长卵形至倒卵形，边缘略起皱，先端有2~4毫米缺口，无毛，基部与雄蕊连生达6毫米。雄蕊无毛，长约1.5厘米，外轮花丝基部连生形成4厘米长管，雄蕊约150枚。雌蕊长约1.5厘米，花柱3条，基部离生，下部有毛，子房被纸毛。花期秋季。蒴果卵球形，长8.0-10.0厘米，直径7.0~8.0厘米，表面糠秕状粗糙，铁绣红色，3〜4室，果皮厚2.0〜4.0厘米。每果有种子8〜15半立。叶椭圆形至倒卵椭圆形，先端渐尖至硬尖，基部楔形，长10.6~20.2厘米，宽4.1〜9.2厘米，叶缘有细齿，齿距1~2毫米，叶面叶脉明显凹陷，无毛，叶背侧脉和主脉凸起，无毛。叶柄长7〜12毫米，无毛。乔木，高可达10米，细枝无毛，黄褐色至褐色，老枝光滑，黄褐色，表面有铁锈色至砖红色粉状物，树皮砖红色。分布：中国广东省封开县一带以及香港特区Mt. Parke，海拔100-750米。可寻地点:广东省封开县自然保护区。