多瓣山茶 Camellia petelotii (Merr.) SealyCamellia petelotii

Camellia petelotii (Merr.) Sealy. First published as Thea petelotii Merr. in Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 10: 427 (1924). then combined to the Genus Camellia as C. petelotii in Kew Bull. 4: 219 (1949) . Chang Hung-ta and Bruce Bartholomew (1984). Camellias, p.125. Gao Jiyin, Clifford R. Parks, Du Yueqiang,(2005), Collected Species of the Genus Camellia an Illustrated Outline，p.117. 

The specimen was first discovered by A. Pételot in 1923 at Tam Dao mountain (Vinh Phuc). In 1924, E.D. Merrill first published in the Journal of the University of California Publications in Botany under the scientific name Thea petelotii Merr. In 1949, in the Kew Bulletin, Sealy combined the name to Camellia petelotii (Merr.) Sealy, this is the scientific name of the species. This is the most beautiful yellow flower Camellia, chosen as a postage stamp in 2003 in Vietnam.

A shrub or small tree; young branches stout, glabrous, pale grey-brown. Leaves stalked; blades broad oblong or oblong-oval, shortly acuminate, wide cuneate at base, 14.5-18 cm long, 4.5-7.5 cm wide, minutely widely and very shallowly denticulate, teeth mostly 4-6 mm apart, coriaceous, glabrous, dark green above with venation lightly impressed, paler below (light brown when dried) with venation prominently raised; petioles stout, 1.5-2.1 cm long. Flowers pedicellate, solitary, borne at the ends of the young shoots. Pedicel and calyx 1.7-2 cm long; pedicel stout, 1.1-2 cm long, glabrous, bearing about 10 separated bracteoles, closer together towards the apex; bracteoles lunate to wide ovate 1.5-3 mm long, coriaceous, glabrous on the back, minutely ciliolate, more or less finely white puberulous on the face; sepals 5, not clearly marked off from the bracteoles, unequal, wide ovate or ovate-semi-orbicular, 4-7 mm long, 6-9 mm wide, like the bracteoles in texture and indumentum. Corolla about 3 cm long, comprising about 14 petals adnate to one another and to the androecium for up to 8 mm from the base; outermost petals wide oval, about 1.7 cm long, 1.5 cm wide, concave, coriaceous with narrow thin margins, white puberulous on the face; remaining petals oblong or wide oval or elliptic, rounded or obtuse, 2.2-3.5 cm long, 1.4-1.8 cm wide, from coriaceous towards the apex and petaline towards the base to wholly petaline (innermost), white-puberulous on the back. Androecium about 2.3 cm long, glabrous; outer filaments about 1.9 cm long, united for about 1.3 cm from the base to form a fleshy cup; anthers 3-4 mm. long. Gynoecium glabrous; ovary about 2 mm. high; styles 3, free to the base. Fruits and seeds not seen. Distribution: In evergreen forest in Tam Dao, Vinh Phu, northern Vietnam. Elevation: 900-1,150 m; Special locality: Tam Dao, Vinh Phu, Vietnam.

C. petelotii may be regarded as standing between the other two species which also have glabrous:-carpelled gynoecia. Thus it agrees with C. amplexicaulis in its numerous petals and stout pedicels 10-12 mm. long, but differs by the leaf-blades wide cuneate at the base and by the longer petioles 15-21 mm. long against 3-5 mm.). It agrees with C. euphlebia better in leaf-shape and length of petioles, but differs by its longer pedicels and more numerous petals.

Yoko Kakuta (2023) BOTANICAL ART-GENUS CAMELLIA & POLYSPORA of VIETNAM: Shrub or small tree, about 2-3 m high; young branches glabrous. Leaves stalked; petioles 1.3-2 cm long, glabrous; blades coriaceous, oblong-elliptic, 13.5-18 cm long and 5-7 cm wide, glabrous on both sides; base cuneate or broadly cuneate; apex acuminate; margins sharply denticulate; lateral veins 10-12 pairs. Flowers yellow, solitary at the ends of young branches, 4.5-5 cm in diameter; pedicels 1-1.2 cm long; bracteoles 5-6; sepals 5; petals 14; androecium 2.3-Z.5 cm long, glabrous; gynoecium glabrous, ovary 3; style 3, free to the base. Capsule depressed globose, about 5 cm in diameter. Seeds 1-2 cm long, hairy. Blooming season: Winter to Spring Distribution: Tam Dao National Park Vinh Phu Province. Endemic species to Vietnam.

多瓣山茶Camellia petelotii (Merr.) Sealy in Kew Bull. 1949, 219； Rev. Gen. Camellia, 42. 1958. 张宏达，1981. 《山茶属植物的系统研究》第99页。高继银、帕克斯、杜跃强，2005. 《山茶属植物主要原种彩色图集》浙江科学技术出版社，第117页。【标本】，分布：越南北部。【形态特征】嫩枝无毛，叶长圆形，长15-18厘米，无毛；花梗长1厘米，苞片10，宿存；萼片5，宿存；花瓣14片，雄蕊有明显花丝管；子房无毛，花柱3条，离生。

该标本由 A. Pételot 于 1923 年在 Tam Dao 山（永福）首次发现。1924 年，梅里尔（E.D. Merrill）首次在Journal of the University of California Publications in Botany上发表了学名为Thea petelotii Merr 的文章。1949 年，在Kew Bulletin上，Sealy 将移入山茶属，称为新组合Camellia petelotii (Merr.) Sealy，这是该物种的正式名称。2003 年被越南选为邮票。

越南多瓣金花茶Camellia petelotii (Merr.) Sealy南宁市金花茶公园，2021.《国内外金花茶物种图鉴》，广西科学技术出版社，第118-119页。【形态特征】多年生常绿灌木或小乔木，高3.0-5.0m。树皮棕色。嫩枝圆柱形，紫红色，光滑；老枝浅棕色。膨大叶芽近锥形或纺锤形，绿色。叶互生。嫩叶紫红色。成熟叶片革质，椭圆形或长椭圆形，长12.2-17.8cm，宽5.5-6.9cm，叶缘有稀疏浅锯齿，先端锐尖，基部楔形，正面深绿色，背面浅绿色有浅棕色小腺点，两面均光滑无毛；侧脉6-12对，在叶面凹陷，在叶背凸起，网脉在叶面明显；叶柄长1.1-2.0cm。花蕾黄绿色。花黄色，无蜡质光泽，单生或2-3朵簇生叶腋，直径2.8-4.7cm，单花鲜重约4.6g；花梗长约1.0cm；苞片8-10枚，鳞片状或宽卵形，边缘和里面有茸毛；萼片5-7枚，近圆形或宽卵形，绿色，边缘和里面有茸毛；花瓣13-14枚，最外轮花瓣近圆形，有紫红色斑块，内轮花瓣卵形或长椭圆形，花瓣两面均被灰白色短茸毛；雄蕊多 数，花丝中下部被灰白色短茸毛，长约1.7cm，外轮基部与花瓣合生，内轮离生；花柱3-4条，光滑，长于花丝，深裂，基部合生；子房上位，近球形，直径约3.8mm，光滑无毛，3-4室。蒴果扁球形，基部具紧贴的宿存萼片和苞片，直径4.0-5.0cm，高2.8-3.2cm，成熟后3-4瓣裂开。种子每室1-3粒，球形、半球形或三角状球形，黑褐色，密被茸毛。花期12月至翌年2月。【原产地】该种是越南的一个特有种，分布于越南永福省，生长在海拔950-1100m的常绿阔叶林中。【识别要点】该种叶片先端锐尖，叶柄较长；最外轮花瓣有紫红色斑块，花瓣两面、花丝中下部均有灰白色短茸毛。

越南特有种，分布于越南永福省，生长在海拔950-1100m的常绿阔叶林中。