五柱滇山茶 Camellia yunnanensis (Pit. ex Diels) Cohen-StuartCamellia yunnanensis

Camellia yunnanensis(Pit. ex Diels) Cohen-Stuart Meded. Proefstat. Thee 40: 68. 1916

Shrubs or trees, 1–5(–7.5) m tall. Young branches rusty to grayish brown; year-old branchlets purplish brown; current year branchlets pale brown, pubescent to villous. Petiole 2–5 mm, pubescent to villous; leaf blade ovate, ovate-elliptic, elliptic, long ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, 4–6.5(–11.5) × 1.5–3.5(–4.5) cm, thinly leathery, abaxially pale green and sparsely villous or only villous along midvein, adaxially dark green and hirtellous along midvein, midvein reddish, abaxially elevated, and adaxially slightly raised, secondary veins 5–9 on each side of midvein and raised on both surfaces or adaxially obscure, base broadly cuneate, rounded, or truncate, margin serrulate, apex acute, shortly acuminate, or caudate. Flowers axillary or subterminal, solitary, 3–5 cm in diam., subsessile. Bracteoles and sepals 9–11, ± persistent after anthesis, green to brown, ovate to suborbicular, 2–12 mm, concave, leathery, outside glabrous, inside white finely sericeous, margin broadly scarious. Petals 7– 12, white, broadly obovate to elliptic, 2–4(–5.3) × 1.5–3 cm; inner petals connate for 2–6 mm. Stamens 1.5–2.5 cm, glabrous; outer filament whorl basally connate for 2–5 mm. Ovary discoid, ca. 1 × 3–3.5 mm, glabrous or ± pilose to tomentose, (3–)5-loculed, apically slightly (3–)5-lobed; styles (3–)5, distinct, ca. 1.5 cm. Capsule purplish red but becoming purplish brown when dry, globose to oblate, 4–6 cm in diam., (3–)5- loculed with 2 or 3 seeds per locule, apex with 5 conic lobes, 5 valves dehiscent; pericarp ca. 1 cm thick and fleshy when fresh, 1–5 mm thick when dry. Seeds brown, globose to semiglobose, 1–1.6 cm in diam., rufous pilose or glabrescent. Fl. Nov–Mar, fr. Aug–Oct. 2n = 30*. 

Forests, thickets; (800–)1100–3200 m. SW Guizhou, SW Sichuan, Yunnan. 

1a. Leaf blade ovate, elliptic-ovate, or long ovate, 2–3.5(–4) cm wide; ovary glabrous .................................. var. yunnanensis 

1b. Leaf blade ovate, long ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, 1.5–2.3 cm wide; ovary ± pilose to tomentose ............ var. camellioides 

Camellia yunnanensis var. yunnanensis 猴子木(原变种)--Thea yunnanensis Pitard ex Diels, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 284. 1912; Camellia acutiserrata Hung T. Chang; C. henryana Cohen-Stuart; C. scariosisepala Hung T. Chang; Thea henryana (Cohen-Stuart) Rehder. 

Leaf blade usually ovate or broadly ovate, sometimes elliptic-ovate or long ovate, 2–3.5(–4) cm wide. Ovary and style glabrous. Fl. Nov–Dec, fr. Aug–Sep. ● Forests, thickets; 1100–3200 m. SW Guizhou, SW Sichuan, Yunnan. 

CHINA: SW Guizhou, SW Sichuan, Yunnan. 

五柱滇山茶Cameiiia yunnanensis (Pitard ex Diels) Cohen Stuart in Meded. Rroefst. 张宏达，1981. 《山茶属植物的系统研究》第18页。【标本】云南yunnan：武定，石拉搭，辛景三G.S.Sin 104；陈谋 M.Chen 2203；大理，王汉臣H.C.Wang 4081；巍山县，蒋英Y.siang 11889；镇康，俞德浚T.T Yu17071；冯国楣K.M.Feng 21614，22258，刘慎谔 S.N.Liu 21724；镇康，王启无 C.W.Wang 72468 (Pyrenaria camellioides Hu 的模式）。四川Szechuan：米易，武素功S.K.Wu 64；盐边，武素功S. K. wu 453,587；会理，俞德浚T.T.Yu1611.蒴果先端平圆，有时在果实过程被撕裂成不规则的窝，这不是稳定的形态，上述标本，冯国楣21614果先端无窝；王启无72468及蒋英11889有窝。【形态特征】嫩枝有毛，叶长卵形，长5-8厘米，有毛，花无柄，苞及萼片10,花瓣10-12,花丝分离，子房5室，无毛或有微毛，花柱5条，离生，蒴果5室，每室有种子1-2粒，果片厚6-8毫米。