Chōjiguruma

Last Updated:2021/9/15 15:23:46 By:wangzhonglang

596

Type Image Chosen by Yves CHAPEL

Id：ICR-2733

Country：Japan

Year Published/Registered：1789

Cultivar Type：For Ornamental

Scientific Name：Camellia sasanqua 'Chōjiguruma'

Species/Combination：C. sasanqua

Chinese Name：丁子车

Japanese Name：丁子車ちょうじぐるま

Meaning：Clove Wheel

Synonym：

Chiyoji-guruma Fendig, 1953, American Camellia Catalogue. Corruption of Japanese name Chōjiguruma.

Choji-bu-rawa Sandhurst Nurseries Catalogue, 1957. Corruption of the Japanese name Chōjiguruma.

Choji-gurma Satomi, 1958, Nomenclature List of Sasanqua of Japan, p.8. Orthographic error for Chōjiguruma.

Chōjikuruma Different reading for Chōjiguruma.

Chouiguruma Fendig, 1953, American Camellia Catalogue. Corruption of Japanese name Chōjiguruma.

Clove's Wheel Hertrich, 1959, Camellias in the Huntington Gardens, vol.III, p.286. Synonym for Chōjiguruma.

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Description

» English Description

Shirai-Bunko, Higashimurayama, Kichi’emon, 1789, Shoshiki Hanagatachō, as ‘Kin-no-zai’. Tokyo Nursery Catalogue, 1896: Single with many central petaloids. Pink. Encyclopedia of Camellias in Colour, vol.I, 1972, p.390, pl.553 as Chōjiguruma: Light red, graduated colour on small, anemone form flower, 6-7 cm across, early blooming, 7-9 outer petals with central stamen group almost completely metamorphosed to long, curved, petaloid flags. Leaves, yellow-green with little lustre, long and slender, 5-6.5 cm long by 2-3 cm wide, long-acuminate, conspicuous venation, serrations, irregular but prominent. Itō, Ko’emon, 1879 lists it as ‘Kin-no-zai’, then in 1886 Minagawa has ‘Chōji-guruma’ and finally Fukui, 1895, Nihon Engeikai Zasshi records it as ‘Ki-no-ma’. Corruptions of name: ‘Chojigurma’, ‘Chouiguruma’, ‘Coji-guruma’, ‘Chiyoji-guruma’. Different readings: ‘Chūjikuruma’. Synonyms: ‘Kin-no-zai’, ‘Kin-no-sai’, ‘Kin-no-ma’, ‘Cloves Wheel’. Chinese synonym: ‘Dingziche’.

» Chinese Description

朱國棟、蔡燦玉，2011. 《台灣茶花族譜》，p.55. Chōji-guruma 丁子车(Wheel of Clove) (C. sasanqua) 茶梅。1789，日本关西。单瓣、唐子形、浅粉底、淡红雾边、小〜中轮(4〜8x2〜3.5cm)、外瓣7〜9枚、花期9〜11月，树性直立、长势强。不同读音：Chōji-kuruma 。同种异名:Clove's Wheel、Kin-no-zai(金ノ才）、Kin-no-ma(锦の麾）。Chōji-guruma (丁子车)是1986年之后才出现的现代种名，之前使用名称是Kin-no-zai (金ノ才）；与纯红色的现代品种Kin-no-zai (金の采)不同。花名：某些学者将此品种名误植为’丁字车’，或英文使用'Wheel of Anemone'都是不经考证的错误。日本古代的贵族名门常使用艺术图案作为象征家族身份的'家纹’或'家徽'，较知名的有德川家使用的植物图案'三叶葵’纹，德川统一日本之后，这个象征幕府将军家的圆形徽记又尊称为'德川葵'，这样说有些读者可能未必完全明了，但试着去了解一些历史或古迹的圆形图腾或标记，就不难明白了。’Chōji(丁子）是’丁香花’，Guruma (车）是轮子、圆形的意思，因此花名描述此品种的花形就像是圆形的’丁香’纹。另外'Anemone’这个希腊文本身就是'银莲花’、’秋牡丹’的意思，也是日本茶花学者使用于花形分类的’唐子’与’丁子’并无关联。唐子形的茶梅非常稀有，Chōji-guruma (丁子车）是其中的代表品种。丁字车——蔡福贵,2005,世界茶花专辑,p.73, No.95.图片93.

» Japanese Description

誠文堂新光社.1998.《日本ツバキ.サザンカ名鑑》.ｐ.306. 国立歴史民俗博物館.　2009. 《冬の華・サザンカ》. p.12　　日本ツバキ協会. 2010. 《最新日本ツバキ図鑑》. p.322. 関西產. [花]淡紅色のぼかし、一重、唐子咲き、小輪、10～12月。[葉]倒披形、中形、[樹]立性、[来歴]1789年の「諸色花形帳」では金ノ才と称していたが、現在は金の采という別品種があるため丁子車を使う。写文/箱田

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