Fenghuang Shuixian

Ministry of Agriculture and Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. 1990. Collection on the improved tea varieties in China. p.34-35： GSCT17 (Fenghuang shuixian)

Alternative name: Daiwuye, Dabaiye, Guangdong Shuixian. Laoping Shuixian. Jat variety. Small arbor type. Large-leaf size. Early sprouting.     

Originated in the Fenghuang Mountain (Chaoan county, Guangdong province). Itis mainly distributed m the counties of Fengshun, Raobing, Jiaoling and Pingyuah. It was widely popularized in the Guangdong province since 1950s，It was also introduced to Hunan, Jiangxi and Zhejiang provinces in a limited  area.  

Plant higher with higher branching position and sparse branching density. Erect in shape.Leaves horizontal or inclined upwards. Lenfth 9.0~13.6 cm, width 4.0~5.1 cm. Oblong or long-oblong in shape. With acuminate or acute pointed tips. Surface of leaf flac or slightly protruding. Green in color, glossy, Thick and brittle in texture.  9~12 pairs of vein, inflexed. With slightly waved or neat margin as well as sparse and shallow serrations. The sprouting period in the spring season appears in the middle of March. The peak period of shoots with one bud and three leaves stage* appears     in the first ten days to the middle of April. With rather potent sprouting ability and medium sprouting density. Shoots stout with less hairs. Light green in color. The weight of 100 one bud and three leaves shoots averaged 86.2 g. The peak period of flowering stage appears m the first ten days of November. With rather higher bearing percentage. Higher resistance to unfavorable conditions. With wider adaptabilty.     

High-yielding. The yield of made tea in the tea garden of Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, averaged 187.5~250 Kg per mu. The  yield of ool〇xng tea in the 12 mu mature tea garden in Wang ling long Tea Plantation (Chaozhou city) averaged 258.5 kg per mu. the maximum yield amounted more than 400 Kg per mu.                                    

According to the analysis conducted by the Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural sciences, the contents of caffeine in the one bud and two leaves shoots averaged 4.08%, amino acids 3.19?%, tea polyphenols 24.31%, total catechins 129.05 mg/g. Suitable to the manufacture for oolong tea and black tea. The oolong tea prepared with GSCT17 variety as the raw material is characterized by its  fragrant aroma, full and sweet taste as well as golden yellow liquor. The black tea  prepared with this variety as the raw material has a reddish and bright liquor and appears “creaming after cooling”.     

Suitable to popularize in the tea area of southern part of China for the manufacture of oolong tea and black tea.                   

Owing to the erect shape of bush and vigorous terminal growing ability. It is  recommended to reduce the row spacing and carry out the format pruning in time during the youngling stage. In the beginning of bringing into bearing, it is necessary to put the emphasis on the maintenance and to integrad the plucking and maintenance, so as to promote the branching and widen the canopy.  

农业部农业司，中国农业科学院茶叶研究所. 1990. 《中国茶树优良品种集》.34-35页：华茶17号(GSCT17) 凤凰水仙   别名大乌叶、大白叶，又名广东水仙、饶平水仙，有性繁殖系品种。小乔 木型，大叶类，早芽种。   原产广东省潮安县凤凰山。主要分布于广东省丰顺、饶平、焦岭、平远等 地。自50年代以来，在广东省大规模推广，湖南、江西、浙江等地亦有少量引种。   植株较高大，分枝部位较高，树姿直立，分枝较稀，叶片呈稍上斜或水平 状着生。叶片长9.0~13.6cm，叶宽4.0~5.lcm，叶形椭圆或长椭圆，叶尖渐尖 或急尖，叶面平或微隆，叶色绿，有光泽，叶片较厚脆，叶身内折，叶脉9~12 对，叶缘平或微叶齿疏浅。春芽萌发期一般在3月中旬，一芽三叶盛期*在 4月上中旬，育芽力较强，芽叶肥壮，黄绿色，茸毛少，发芽密度中等，•一芽 三叶百芽重平均86.2g，盛花期11月上旬，结实率较高5抗逆性尚强，适应性 较广。   产量高。广东省农业科学院茶叶研究所亩产干茶187.5~250kg，潮州市王 历垄茶场12亩成龄茶园平均亩产乌龙茶258.5kg，最髙亩产达余kg。   据中国农业科学院茶叶研究所分析，春茶一芽二叶鲜叶含咖啡碱4.08%， 氨基酸3.19%，茶多酚24.31 %，儿茶素总量129 • 05mg/g。适制乌龙茶和红茶a 制乌龙茶，香气特髙，滋味浓郁甘醇，汤色金黄。制红茶，香气高，汤色红艳， 冷后呈“冷后浑”。   适宜在华南(乌龙茶和红茶)茶区推广。   因树姿直立，顶端长势强，可适当缩小行距，在幼龄期宜适时定型修剪。在 投产前期仍以养为主，采养结合，以促进分枝，扩大树冠。