Ziyan（Tea）

Ziyan (Camellia sinensis). Chen Liang et al. 2024. Records of Tea Cultivars and Resources of Chinese Tea resources (Volume I)-Registered Tea Cultivars. p.538-539. [Applicant] Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Yizhi Chun Tantui Co. [Breeder] Tang Xi; Yang Yang; Tan Liqiang; Yang Changyin; Zou Yao; Li Wei; Li Xiaosong; Wang Zhengyang; Liu Guanqun; Yang Chunjing; Hu Yao; Hu Can; Tan Querqin; Chen Hongxu; Fan Hongli; Huang Jiacheng. [Variety Number] Non-major Crop Variety Registration No. GPD Tea Tree (2018)510007,Plant Variety Right No. CNA20210455.2. [Variety Source] Selected and bred by Sichuan Agricultural University et al. from a single plant of 'Sichuan Medium and Small Leafed Species'. [Characteristics]: Shrub type, late-blooming species, medium growth potential, semi-open posture. Leaf blade oval, upward bearing, leaf color deep purple, leaf surface elevated, leaf body flat, leaf hard, leaf teeth obtuse, leaf edge microwave-like. Spring sprouting late, in Sichuan Leshan City, Sichuan spring tea bud two leaves period for late March or early April, 1-2 days later than the control 'Zijuan'. The new buds, leaves and stems are all dark purple, with dense velvet hairs, the length of one bud and three leaves is 8.7 centimeters, and the weight of one hundred buds is 46.1 grams. The sepals are purple-red, glabrous, the style is 3-5-lobed, split in the split position, the ovary is velvety, and there are a lot of flowers, but the fruits are small. Spring tea one bud and two leaves biochemical samples contain tea polyphenols 20.4%, amino acids 4.4%, caffeine 4.0%, water leachate 45.5%. The variety is a high anthocyanin content of the characteristic varieties, planted in the Sichuan tea area of the bud two leaves anthocyanin content of up to 2% -3%. Suitable for green tea and black tea. Baked green tea, uniform shape, dry tea color, blue and purple clear soup color, tender fragrance, strong taste and still sweet, soft leaf bottom, color indigo. The black tea is dark and moist in appearance, with hair, strong aroma, sweet fragrance, and sweet and mellow flavor. The first growth cycle mu yield of one bud and two leaves 241 kg of fresh leaves, than the control 'Zijuan' 4% increase in yield; the second growth cycle mu yield of one bud and two leaves 319 kg of fresh leaves, than the control 'Zijuan' 5% increase in yield. It is resistant to tea anthracnose and susceptible to tea leafhopper. It is cold resistant and drought resistant in Sichuan tea area. [Suitable for planting areas and cultivation technology] It is suitable for planting in the tea area below 1200 meters above sea level in Sichuan, and tea seedlings can be transplanted in spring and fall. It is recommended to plant on the soil with medium or high fertility. The variety of flowering and fruiting ability, it is recommended that in August-September each year, the tea garden spraying concentration of 1000 mg / kg ethylene glycol solution to thin flowers and fruits, in order to control reproductive growth.

登记编号：GPD茶树(2018)510007

  作物种类：茶树                                        

  品种名称：紫嫣

  申 请 者：四川农业大学 四川一枝春茶业有限公司

  育 种 者：四川农业大学 四川一枝春茶业有限公司 唐茜 杨洋 谭礼强 杨昌银 邹瑶 李伟 李晓松 王正阳 刘冠群 杨纯婧 胡尧 胡灿 谭哓琴 陈红旭 范虹丽 黄嘉诚

  品种来源：四川中小叶群体种

  特征特性：属于灌木，晚生种，生长势中等，树姿势半开张。叶片中椭圆形，向上着生。子房有茸毛，花萼外部无茸毛。新梢紫色，一芽三叶长8.74厘米，新梢有茸毛且茸毛较密，百芽重46.08克。适制绿茶、红茶等。茶多酚20.36%，氨基酸4.41%，咖啡碱3.98%，水浸出物45.49%，所制烘青绿茶，外形匀整，色青黛，汤色蓝紫清澈，有嫩香，滋味浓厚尚回甘，叶底柔软，色靛青。制红茶外形乌润、有毫，香气浓郁、有甜香，滋味甜醇。该品种为高花青素含量的特色品种，在四川茶区种植1芽2叶花青素含量高达2%～3%。田间调查紫嫣对茶炭疽病抗性为中抗，低于对照紫鹃（抗）；对茶小绿叶蝉抗性为感，与对照紫鹃相近。抗寒性较强，优于对照紫鹃（中）。第1生长周期亩产241.44千克，比对照紫鹃增产3.8%；第2生长周期亩产318.84千克，比对照紫鹃增产5.3%。

  栽培技术要点：1.海拔在1200米以下的地区，按大行距150～180厘米，小行距40厘米，双行单株或2株，株距20厘米栽培，每亩栽合格苗约4000株。2.定型修剪：移栽后需进行三次定型修剪，第一次在离地15～20厘米处剪去主枝，第二、三次在上一次剪口处提高10～15厘米修剪。3.采摘：种植第3年初投产，注意留叶养树，保持叶面积指数在4左右。该品种花果多，宜勤采、多采春茶，以减少花果数量。4.施肥：幼龄茶园应加强肥培管理，以促进生长势。投产茶园采用“一基三追”。秋冬季重施有机肥，氮、磷、钾肥配合施入；早春催芽肥宜多施，亩施尿素约20～30千克以上，在2月底或3月上、中旬左右施入，夏、秋再施二次追肥，亩施尿素约20千克左右，应加强肥培管理。5.夏季高温强日照季节，可用遮阴度约70%的遮阳网对茶树适当遮阴，以提高鲜叶的花青素含量，秋季宜采用喷施乙烯利等疏花疏果措施，以控制生殖生长。6.注意防治小绿叶蝉等害虫。

  适宜种植区域及季节：适宜在四川海拔1200米以下的茶区，春、秋均可移栽茶苗。

  注意事项：1.该品种应种植在pH值在4.0～6.5之间的土壤上，由于该品种生长势较一般品种弱，对肥培条件要求较高，宜种植在肥力中等或肥力较高土壤上，不宜种植在贫瘠的土壤上。2.该品种开花结果能力强，为抑制生殖生长，春梢宜强采，生产季节追肥不宜施含磷的复合肥。同时，需采取疏花疏果的措施来控制生殖生长。3.因幼苗期生长势较一般品种弱，需加强肥培管理水平。